Cognitive theories of depression is "cognitive" because they address mental events such as thinking and feeling. Cognitive theory suggests that depression results from maladaptive, faulty, or irrational cognitions taking the form of distorted thoughts and judgements. Depressive cognitions can be learned observationally as is the case when children in a dysfunctional family watch their parents fail to successfully cope with stressful experiences or traumatic events.
According to cognitive behavioral theory, depressed people think differently than non-depressed people, and it is the difference in thinking that causes them to become depressed. For example, depressed people tend to view themselves, their environment, and the future in a negative way. As a result, depressed people tend to think negatively and blame themselves for any misfortune that occurs.
http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=13006&cn=5
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